Abstract

Different composite materials have been investigated in bone regeneration but none of them have a significant regeneration in a short time. In this study, the novel scaffold with the osteoinductive characteristic in order to accelerate bone regeneration for 6 weeks. Tadalafil/beta-TCP/Collagen (T beta C) and beta-TCP/Collagen (beta C) composite scaffolds were prepared and analyzed by porosity, biodegradability and MTT tests. And then, three bone defects (8 mm diameter, n = 6 group) were produced and filled with T beta C, beta C scaffolds and the third defect was unfilled as a control. Samples were taken and evaluated by histological, radiological and histomorphometric evaluation at 4 and 6 weeks. In vitro tests showed that both scaffold approximately had the same results in the percentage of porosity and in vitro cytotoxicity. Biodegradability of the beta C scaffold was more than T beta C scaffold. In vivo test showed bone regeneration was more in T beta C scaffold at 6 weeks based on radiological and histopathologic analysis compared with beta C scaffold and control groups. Histomorphometric analysis showed that the amount of the bone regeneration was significant in T beta C group in comparison beta C and control groups (P < 0.05) at 6 weeks. This study highlights the promising application of T beta C scaffold with Tadalafil for successful bone regeneration by enhancing osteogenesis. (C) 2019 Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Nalecz Institute of Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering of the Polish Academy of Sciences.