Abstract

Among drug resistance, resistance to β-lactam-antimicrobial drugs is a major concern for the treatment of microbial infections. In recent decades, has been observed a tremendous increase in prevalence of high-level resistance to β-lactam antibiotics in members of Enterobacteriaceae family owing to extended-spectrum β--lactamase (ESBL) enzymes. So, this study decided to characterize the prevalence rate of ESBL-producing E.coli isolates in different wards of Pediatrics Ghods Hospital, Qazvin, Iran. Of 380 E.coli isolates were achieved from urine clinical samples between March to October 2015 of different wards of Pediatrics Ghods Hospital, Qazvin, the identification process was accomplished using biochemical and microbiological tests. Susceptibility of isolates to 9 different antibiotic disks was characterized by agar disk diffusion method and ESBL-producing E.coli isolates were identified and the results were analyzed by spss software. In this study the highest resistance rate in ESBLs producing E.coli isolates was to ceftazidime and cefixime (100). The most effective antibiotic with a sensitivity of about 97 for ESBLs producing E.coli isolates was amikacin. Among these 380 isolates 325 from females and 55 of males were isolated. The total numbers of ESBLs producing E.coli isolates were 102 cases (28.4). Of these ESBLs producing E.coli isolates 16 cases were belong to men and the remaining were belong to the females. Based on results of this study and other studies from Iran, the prevalence of infection with ESBLs producing Enterobacteriaceae is increasing widely in over the our country and is one of emerging problem in pediatrics population and they act as reservoirs and transmission to community and hospital environment, so the need to improve microbiological diagnostic facilities and antibiotic resistance surveillance in resource-poor settings; to be able to effectively revise antibiotic regimens and avoid emergence of resistance.