Repository of Research and Investigative Information

Repository of Research and Investigative Information

Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences

Free Radical Production and Oxidative Stress in Lung Tissue of Patients Exposed to Sulfur Mustard: An Overview of Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms

(2018) Free Radical Production and Oxidative Stress in Lung Tissue of Patients Exposed to Sulfur Mustard: An Overview of Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms. Chemical Research in Toxicology. pp. 211-222. ISSN 0893-228X

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Abstract

Sulfur mustard (SM) is a chemical alkylating compound that primary targets lung tissue. It causes, a wide variety of pathological effects in respiratory system such as chronic bronchitis, bronchiolitis obliterans, necrosis of the mucosa and inflammation, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and pulmonary fibrosis. However, molecular and cellular mechanisms for these pathologies are still unclear. Oxidative stress (OS) induced by reactive oxygen species (ROS) is likely a significant mechanism by which SM leads to cell death and tissues injury. SM can trigger various molecular and cellular pathways that are linked to ROS generation, OS, and inflammation. Hypoxia-induced oxidative stress, reduced activity of enzymatic antioxidants, depletion of intercellular glutathione (GSH), decreased productivity of GSH-dependent antioxidants, mitochondrial dysfunction, accumulation of leukocytes and proinflammatory cytokines, and increased expression of ROS producing-related enzymes and inflammatory mediators are the major events in which SM leads to massive production of ROS and OS in pulmonary system. Therefore, understanding of these molecules and signaling pathways gives us valuable information about toxicological effects of SM on injured tissues and the way for developing a suitable clinical treatment. In this review, we aim to discuss the possible mechanisms by which SM induces excessive production of ROS, OS, and antioxidants depletion in lung tissue of exposed patients.

Item Type: Article
Keywords: 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide arachidonic-acid release airway epithelial-cells pulmonary-function test skin epidermal-cells sardasht-iran cohort long-term in-vitro thioredoxin reductase dna-damage Pharmacology & Pharmacy Chemistry Toxicology
Divisions:
Page Range: pp. 211-222
Journal or Publication Title: Chemical Research in Toxicology
Journal Index: ISI
Volume: 31
Number: 4
Identification Number: https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemrestox.7b00315
ISSN: 0893-228X
Depositing User: مهندس مهدی شریفی
URI: http://eprints.bmsu.ac.ir/id/eprint/3830

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