Abstract

Agitation and violent commonly occur in Emergency Department (ED). This is very important to manage agitated patients as soon as possible to prevent them from harming themselves or other patients and health care providers. Early management allows Clinicians to perform physical examination and appropriate treatment. Current studies recommended antipsychotics, Benzodiazepines and antidepressants. The purpose of this review is to evaluate pharmacological treatment for the management of agitation and aggression in ED. Our study is a comprehensive literature search to define recent drugs that are currently using for the treatment of agitation and aggression in ED. This review recommended that pharmacological treatments, such as antipsychotics, ketamine, promethazine, on-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, analgesics, narcotics may create more treatment option for the management of agitation and aggression in ED that requires more studies in order to show their risks and benefits.