Abstract

Epidemiological studies have reported the importance of plant foods in distinct diets, because phytonutrients are related to health benefits and longevity. The intake of phytonutrients in plant food contributes to the reduction of risk factors for chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, obesity, and cancer. To obtain a higher index of phytonutrients in the diet, it is recommended that one consume fruits, vegetables, and whole grains presenting their bioactive components with antiinflammatory, antitumoral, and antidiabetic properties, which could improve their beneficial action through synergistic effects, indicating the importance of whole plant food intake for maximum benefits to human health. However, the influence of environmental factors and the individual’s lifestyle factors, such as race, sex, age, and genetics, are still unclear. This chapter will highlight the effects of phytonutrients on the health status of populations. © 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.