Abstract

Background: Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders (PTLDs) can occur within the allograft, representing a differential diagnosis for an acute rejection episode; in this study, we collected data from PTLD patients involving kidney allografts, and compared their characteristics with other renal transplant patients from the same centers who developed PTLDs localized elsewhere. Material/Methods: A comprehensive search was made by Pubmed and Google Scholar for reports of lymphoproliferative disorders after renal transplantation. Data from 17 studies were included into analysis. Having at least 1 patient with renal allograft involvement by Results: PTLD was inclusion criterion. Data for patients was collected by use of a standard questionnaire. PTLD complicated renal allograft in 46 (37) of our study population. Renal transplant recipients with allograft localization of PTLD had better survival than other PTLD patients unless they developed multi-organ involvement (p=0.007). Five-year survival rate was 73 for graft PTLD and 42 for other localizations. Graft PTLD patients had shorter time from transplant to PI'LD (p=0.01) and were more likely to present as polyclonal and polymorph in their histological evaluations (p<0.05). Conclusions: renal transplant recipients who develop allograft dysfunction during the early post-transplantation period should get full evaluations for a potential PTLD development at their allograft site. Before development of multi-organ involvement allograft PTLD in renal transplant patients has a benign behavior; therefore it is crucial to evaluate renal recipients with initial symptoms of PTLDs.